Better buy good guides about the 3 countries and some about cities you'll be visiting and forget about all that nonsense. Don't be another scared arrogant american tourist and enjoy the trip. If you expect to find the same things you have at home better stay at home coz if you do it means you are not prepared for it. Anyway you might not be alone if you have 15yd
Don't use a currency converter, use you head to convert like most people. If you are concerned about 2cts is not wise to travel.
Portugal as the best ATM service in Europe and you find cash machines everyware. In Spain the ATM service is very good and in Morocco use only the cash machines inside the Hotels. Plastic money in Portugal is common even if in Spain in some places outside cities they prefer cash. They carry a lot of money in their pockets. In Morocco split your money and the different CC cards in your bags, never everything in the same place..
In Portugal and Spain is safe to leave documents in the hotel safe but in Morocco better carry your documents in a bag inside the trousers.
You can drink tap water in Spain and Portugal however if you seat in a coffee shop or restaurant everybody asks for mineral water. In Spain always, in Portugal if you already asked for something else in a coffee shop you can ask for tap water. I promise you will no die from it. In Morocco mineral water in all circumstances.
Nothing wrong about bathrooms in Portugal and Spain and if you sleep in decent place in Morocco as well. I've been several times to Morocco and I found nothing wrong with bathrooms, not once. Some of them are really luxury places in 3 stars hotels. Anyway you must understand you are in a different culture and must respect it as a guest without any especial nationality. To be american will not help you anyware.
I've seen many Americans complaining many times without any reason and claiming to be american as if that helped for something. You are another tourist and that's it.
I don't know were your teacher was in Istanbul, it must have been in a really cheap place. I've been in Istanbul twice and both times the bathrooms were quite good. That was strange to me. Unless she stayed with a very poor family or in one of those places costing next to nothing inside the old quarters of the Asian area were nobody goes!
When you land you must buy a set of plugs for your computer and phone. They are to be had everyware in the airports.
Nothing else. Only appropriate clothes for the time of the year.
Portuguese are kind and helpful with tourists and do speak English among other languages. Spanish speak nothing but Spanish and think foreigners do have to make a a full course to visit them for a forthnight. They wont make any effort to understand you, better learn some basic Spanish. In Morocco they speak French and Spanish. Morocco people speaks Arabic and Berber languages. There is not moroccan language.
Use Euro currency in all this countries. In Morocco they like Euro but exchange rate is not always favorable. I buy Dirham in Spain and use plastic money everytime possible. If you bargain better use money. In Spain and Portugal we don't bargain. Only in flee markets and even so one must be sensible.
-90% of the bathrooms we produce in Portugal are to be exported due to the high quality. To USA as well.:). Russians are good costumers this days as well:)
Make a good choice of the cities you'll be visiting in the 3 countries and indulge yourself.
Nice trip to Europe and Africa.